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    • 专利摘要:
    COLD LAMINATED FLAT STEEL PRODUCT AND RECOVERED, RECRISTALIZED, AND METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A FORMED FLAT STEEL PRODUCT. The present invention is about a cold rolled annealed flat steel product that can be recrystallized with ferritic microstructure, which has an optimized deformation and coating capacity. For this, it consists of a steel with (in% by weight) C: 0.0001 to 0.003%, Si: 0.001 to 0.025%, Mn: 0.05 to 0.20%, P: 0.001 to 0.015%, Al: 0.02 to 0.055%, Ti: 0.01 to 0.1%, as well as, respectively, optionally, Cr: 0.001 to 0.05%, V: up to 0.005%, Mo: up to 0.015%, N: 0.001 to 0.004%. In this case, it has the following mechanical properties: Rp0.2 = 180 MPa, Rm = 340 MPa, A80 = 40%, value of n = 0.23. On at least one of its surfaces, it also has an average arithmetic roughness Ra of 0.8 to 1.6 µm and a peak RPc number of 75 / cm. For its production, the flat steel product is annealed in a recrystallizing manner, in a continuous cycle, under an N2-H2 annealing atmosphere and has undergone an excess of maturation. Subsequently, the flat steel product underwent finishing lamination, with a working cylinder, with a finishing lamination D degree of 0.4 to 0.7%, whose circular surface has an average roughness Ra of 1.0 to (. ..).
    公开号:BR112017007273B1
    申请号:R112017007273-4
    申请日:2015-09-09
    公开日:2021-03-09
    发明作者:Marc Blumenau；Jörg STEINEBRUNNER；Udo Zocher
    申请人:Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag；Thyssenkrupp Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [001] The invention relates to a cold rolled annealed flat steel product that can be recrystallized with a microstructure ferritic structure.
    [002] Flat steel products of this type are used, particularly, in the field of car body construction, where particularly high qualities are placed on the formability and visual appeal of components molded from such flat steel products.
    [003] When it comes to flat steel products, then, in this case, it is about rolled products, such as steel strips or - plates, as well as flat cutouts and billets.
    [004] In addition, the invention relates to a method for the production of a flat steel product of the type mentioned in question.
    [005] As subsequent specifications for alloy content are created, they always refer to weight, unless otherwise stated. On the contrary, the specifications refer to the composition of atmospheres always in the observed volume, as long as not indicated otherwise.
    [006] For the construction of the body or comparable applications, certain flat steel products are typically provided with a surface structure, which stands out for its defined roughness and, likewise, a defined maximum distribution, from the point of view of from the deformation and printing capacity of the surface (coating capacity and coating gloss), calculate qualities that consist of customer specifications. A typical example for the automotive industry specifications is an average arithmetic roughness (hereinafter, simply referred to as "roughness") Ra of 1.1 to 1.6 μm at a peak RPc number of at least 60 1 / cm. The roughness Ra and the peak numbers RPc are determined, in this case, according to the test sheet for steel and iron SEP 1940 by means of a contact cutter according to ISO 3274.
    [007] Another criterion for determining the condition of the surface to be obtained for an ideal coating capacity and an ideal coating gloss, represents the so-called “characteristic waviness value Wsa (1 - 5)", hereinafter simply referred to as " Wsa ", which, according to the test sheet for steel and iron SEP 1941: 2012-05, is determined after 5% plastic elongation in the Marciniak embedding test. Typical qualities of Wsa values range from 0.35 μm to 0 , 40 μm. Particularly good coating brightness falls within Wsa values of 0.35 μm, in particular <0.30 μm. In order to obtain such low Wsa values, peak RPc numbers of at least 75 1 / cm are required and Ra roughness from 0.9 to 1.4 μm.
    [008] The adjustment of the characteristic value of the Ra and RPc material occurs in the production of cold rolled flat steel products typically by finishing rolling after recrystallizing annealing, which the flat steel products undergo after cold rolling in order to ensure its ideal formability.
    [009] By "finishing lamination" is meant here a bearing or re-bearing completed after recrystallizing annealing, in which the flat steel product is subjected to a deformation of less than approximately 0.2 to 2.0%, which here it is referred to as “finishing lamination grade”. The degree of finishing rolling is determined, in this case, by a comparison of the peripheral speeds of the bypass pulleys, which are equipped with position determination sensors, in front and behind the rolling structure, in which the flat steel product suffers the finishing lamination. From the difference in position of the diverter pulleys (in position sl, out position s2) the degree of finishing lamination D follows as D = [(s2-s1) / s1] * 100.
    [0010] The combined quality "high RPc peak number" and "high Ra roughness" represents a complex finishing objective, which is basically valid. This is achieved by the fact that the high lamination roughness necessary for the formation of high Ra values basically pulls a smaller peak RPc number with it, since the increasing crack of the cylinder surface (= roughness) forces the distance from crest to crest one away from the other on the rolling surface and thereby reduce the number of peaks that can be represented in the flat steel product. There is the circumstance that weakens such a process that, already in the dry finishing lamination, in the transfer of the existing peaks to the lamination surface in the respective laminated flat steel product, there is a significant loss by peak transfer of about 20%.
    [0011] In addition, the rule is that if the degree of finishing lamination D has been selected very high, the roughness Ra is very high. On the contrary, if the degree of finishing lamination D is estimated very low, it could occur, in particular, in strips of large dimensions, the external non-lamination of finishing of the edges of the strip. In that location, then, the values of Ra and RPc are very low.
    [0012] The degree of finishing lamination D cannot be varied randomly also from the point of view of the mechanical properties of the steel substrate. A degree of finishing lamina D very insufficiently contravenes a different extension limit. On the contrary, due to the high degree of finishing D, the strength of the steel substrate, depending on the intensive cold hardening, can be highly irrecoverable.
    [0013] The challenges in finishing rolling are accentuated, the lighter, wider and thinner the flat steel product is. By "light" is meant here a steel which, in the state of recrystallization and after finishing lamination, has an elongation limit Rp0.2 of a maximum of 180 N / mm2 and a tensile strength Rm of a maximum of 340 N / mm2 . This has the consequence, in practice, that current flat steel products, of the type mentioned here, can be produced, with dimensions typical for the automotive sector, with the desired operating safety, only at high costs. In this case, steels with a maximum elongation limit Rp0.2 of 150 MPa and a maximum tensile strength Rm of 310 MPa are indicated as particularly critical.
    [0014] Different suggestions are known for, in practice, making these costs controllable and producing flat steel products that should reach ideal requirements for a coating also with sufficient gloss formation of the highest quality.
    [0015] An example of this is the method for producing a steel sheet suitable for painting, known from EP 0 234 698 B1. This method provides that, on the surface of a finishing lamination cylinder, by means of energy irradiation, a regular pattern of cavities is created. The flat steel product to be worked undergoes finishing lamination by means of two working cylinders, of which at least one is worked in the manner specified above. The reduction in cross section obtained by the finishing lamination in this case should not be less than 0.3%, to transfer the pattern of the working cylinder to the surface of the steel plate. In this way, a steel plate must be obtained which presents an average roughness of the surface Ra within the range of 0.3 to 3.0 μm and a microscopic shape that forms the surface roughness, which consists of trapezoidal elevation areas, with a flat top surface, groove-like cavity areas that are formed in such a way that they partially or integrally involve an elevation area, and central flat areas, which are formed in such a way between the elevation areas, outside the area of the cavity, that they are higher than the lower part of the cavity area and deeper or of the same height as the upper surfaces of the elevation areas. At the same time, the elevations and cavities must have certain geometric dependencies, among others, the diameter of the cavities formed in the finishing lamination work cylinders.
    [0016] A comparable suggestion was made in document DE 36 86 816 T2. Also at this location, it was suggested, on the surface of a cold rolled flat steel product, to insert a uniform surface roughness pattern, which leads to a roughness of the Ra surface of 0.3 to 2.0 μm.
    [0017] From WO 2011/162135 Al, finally, a thin cold-rolled steel sheet and a method for its production are known. The steel sheet consists, in this case, of a steel with, in% by weight, 0.10% or less of C, 0.05% or less of Si, 0.1 to 1.0% of Mn, 0, 05% or less of P, 0.02% or less of S, 0.02 - 0.10% of Al, less than 0.005% of N and as residues, Fe and unavoidable impurities. The steel sheet thus obtained is subjected to an annealing treatment, in which it is annealed for at least 30 s at an annealing temperature of 730 to 850 ° C and is subsequently cooled to a maximum temperature of 600 ° C with a cooling rate of at least 5 ° C / s. The cold rolled annealed flat steel product subsequently obtained has a structure that consists mainly of ferrite, which has an average diameter of the crystal core of 5 to 30 μm. Finally, the flat steel product undergoes the finishing lamination under the application of a cylinder whose surface roughness Ra is a maximum of 2 μm. The proportion of extension obtained by the finishing lamination is adjusted, in this case, depending on the average diameter of the crystal core of the cold-rolled thin annealed plate.
    [0018] From the background of the state of the art clarified above, the objective of the invention is to offer a flat steel product that has an optimized deformation capacity and excellent coating properties and can be produced, in this case, safely and economical.
    [0019] Likewise, a method must be indicated for the manufacture of a flat steel product according to the invention.
    [0020] In relation to the flat steel product, the invention solves this objective by the fact that such a flat steel product must be obtained according to claim 1.
    [0021] A method, which allows the production of safe operation of a flat steel product according to the invention, is specified in claim 5.
    [0022] Advantageous modalities of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims and are explained individually below as the general scope of the invention.
    [0023] A cold rolled and annealed, recrystallized flat steel product according to the invention, with a ferritic microstructure structure, therefore, consists of a steel with the following composition (in% by weight):

    [0024] Residual iron and unavoidable impurities, and steel may additionally contain the following optional alloy elements: Cr: 0.001 - 0.05%, V: up to 0.005%, Mo: up to 0.015%, N: 0.001 - 0.004% and has - an elongation limit Rp0.2 of up to 180 MPa, - a tensile strength Rm of up to 340 MPa, - an A80 break elongation of at least 40%, - an n value of at least 0.23 as well as, on at least one of its surfaces - an average arithmetic roughness Ra of 0.8 to 1.6 μm and - a peak RPc number of at least 75 1 / cm.
    [0025] In this case, molded peaks on the surface that condition the average roughness Ra and the peak number RPc are stochastically distributed.
    [0026] A flat steel product according to the invention therefore consists of steel, which has an elongation limit Rp0.2 of up to 180 MPa, in particular less than 150 MPa, a tensile strength Rm of up to 340 MPa, in particular, less than 310 MPa and, in that case, with a break elongation A80 of at least 40%, has a high elongation and a high n value of at least 0.23. With this combination of properties, it is ideally suited for deformation, in particular for deep drawing.
    [0027] At the same time, a flat steel product according to the invention has a surface state characterized by an average arithmetic roughness Ra of 0.8 to 1.6 μm and a peak number RPc of at least 75 1 / cm, which guarantees an excellent suitability for a glossy finish. Thus, surface structures according to the invention ensure Wsa values of a maximum of 0.40 μm, typically of a maximum of 0.35 μm, in particular, less than 0.30 μm, and, namely, in particular, then, even if flat steel products according to the invention are in a typical size spectrum for automotive technology applications with thicknesses up to 1.0 mm and widths of at least 1000 mm.
    [0028] A flat steel product according to the invention has its particular suitability for deformation and coating in the uncoated coated state or with a metallic protective layer.
    [0029] In the event that such a metallic coating is provided, it must be applied by electrolytic coating. By the use of such an electrolytic method it is ensured that, since the surface structure of the steel sheet from which it has undergone finishing lamination according to the invention remains on the surface of the flat steel product covered with the metallic coating. As a metallic protection layer, in this case, in particular, an electrolytically applied zinc-based layer is suitable.
    [0030] As an alternative or complementary to the metallic protective coating of the type mentioned above, the flat steel product according to the invention can also be coated with an inorganic or organic coating. Inorganic coating means a typical passive layer for strip processing, for example, as phosphating or chrome plating. By organic coating, we mean a typical thick coating passivation for processing strips, for example, based on bonds containing Cr (III). In that case, known coating means, which are normally used to improve coating adhesion, friction behavior in the deformation tool and the like, can be used in the same way.
    [0031] The surface texture formed on the surface supplied according to the invention of a flat steel product according to the invention is characterized by a stochastic distribution of the cavities and peaks, which determine the roughness value Ra according to the invention and the peak number RPc according to the invention.
    [0032] Stochastic surface textures, as described above, according to the invention, are irregular surface textures, which are characterized by an uneven stochastic distribution of the configuration characteristics, for example, cavities, which can vary among themselves, in the distance, shape and size. Deterministic surface textures are, on the contrary, surface textures that are characterized by a regular stochastic distribution of configuration characteristics.
    [0033] According to the invention, a stochastic surface texturing in a lubricated state is necessary to optimize the frictional behavior between steel surfaces and tools during the deformation process. In a deformation process linked to tools, in particular, deep drawing or extension, a stochastic surface structure stands out due to the fact that, in high compression demands, the lubricant can flow through micro channels, which are between the ridges and depressions of the surface texture, from the stress zone. Contrary to the lubricant pockets strongly isolated from a deterministic surface texturing, this finely structured network of micro channels allows a uniform distribution of the lubricant over the entire surface, in which, in the deformation process, there is a contact between the tool and the product. flat steel. In addition, a basic stochastic structure ensures stroke and adhesion properties for organic or metallic coatings, which can be applied additionally, if necessary, in the flat steel product according to the invention.
    [0034] The roughness value Ra on a surface according to the invention, of a flat steel product according to the invention, must not be less than 0.8 μm, since the surface must, if not, be smoothed. The Ra roughness value must also not be greater than 1.6 μm, since the surface then becomes too rough to obtain ideal deformation properties. In order to be able to use the advantages of the invention in an operationally safe way, Ra roughness values from 0.9 to 1.4 μm can be predicted.
    [0035] The peak number RPc should not be less than 75 per cm, since it would act negatively on the Wsa values. As the peak number is fixed at least 75 1 / cm, it is ensured that the Wsa value of a flat steel product according to the invention does not exceed 0.40 μm, in particular, it does not exceed 0.35 μm and is a coating of an ideal coating gloss is obtained. Higher peak numbers lead to even more improved Wsa values of the surface supplied according to the invention of a flat steel product according to the invention. In this way, it is possible to obtain Wsa values of flat steel products according to the invention below 0.30 μm. Wsa values of a maximum of 0.40 μm are obtained in an operationally safe way if the peak number RPc for the surface supplied according to the invention is fixed at least 75 per cm. Wsa values of a maximum of 0.35 μm are adjusted when the peak number RPc for the surface of the flat steel product supplied according to the invention is fixed at least 80 per cm. Wsa values below 0.30 μm can finally be ensured by the fact that a minimum value of 90 per cm is fixed for the peak number RPc.
    [0036] A flat steel product according to the invention contains as mandatory alloy elements, C, Si, Mn, P, Al and Ti with the following measures:
    [0037] The C content of the flat steel product according to the invention is from 0.0001 to 0.003% by weight. C must inevitably be contained in the melt of steel, so that C levels of at least 0.0001% by weight can always be determined in a steel according to the invention. A C content above 0.003% by weight, however, worsens the deformation capacities required by a very intense carbon reinforcement contribution. However, this can be safely avoided, as the C content is reduced to 0.002% by weight or less.
    [0038] Si exists in a flat steel product according to the invention in levels from 0.001 to 0.025% by weight. Si, too, must inevitably be contained in the melt of steel. A portion of Si above the limit according to the invention of 0.025% by weight, however, worsens the deformation capacities by a very intense reinforcement contribution. To avoid a negative influence of the presence of Si, the S content of a flat steel product according to the invention must be limited to a maximum of 0.015% by weight.
    [0039] Mn exists in a flat steel product according to the invention in levels of 0.05 to 0.20% by weight. Mn contents in this range, ideally contribute to the ideal deformation capacities of a flat steel product according to the invention. In Mn contents that are outside the pre-determined range according to the invention, a very low or very high amount is reached through reinforcement by mixed crystals. An ideal influence of the presence of Mn in the flat steel product according to the invention can be ensured by the fact that the Mn content is limited to a maximum of 0.15% by weight.
    [0040] P exists in a flat steel product according to the invention in levels from 0.001 to 0.015% by weight. P is also inevitably contained in the melt of steel and provides a contribution to reinforcement by mixed crystals. A portion of P above the limit, according to the invention, of 0.025% by weight, however, worsens the deformation capabilities and shows negative effects on the required coating result. In order to use the positive influence of the presence of P by the reinforcement by mixed crystals and, at the same time, to safely exclude negative influences, the P content can be limited, to a maximum of 0.012% by weight.
    [0041] Al exists in a flat steel product according to the invention in levels of 0.02 to 0.055% by weight. Al serves, in the production of steel, to stabilize the melt of steel and therefore needs to be added to the alloy within the limits according to the invention. A portion of Al above the upper limits predicted according to the invention of the Al content, however, worsens the necessary deformation capabilities. It is possible to ideally use the positive influence of Al on the alloy of a flat steel product according to the invention because the Al content is limited to a maximum of 0.03% by weight.
    [0042] Ti exists in a flat steel product according to the invention in levels of 0.01 to 0.1% by weight. Ti serves to join interstitial alloy elements and thus contributes to reinforcement by separation. At a Ti content of less than 0.01% by weight, interstitial alloy elements are still dissolved in a crystalline network, which has negative effects on the necessary deformation capacities. Due to the Ti content above 0.1% by weight, the deformation capacities are not further improved. The positive influences of the presence of Ti can then be used with greater security, when the Ti content is from 0.05 to 0.09% by weight.
    [0043] In addition to the alloy elements indicated above, always present in a flat steel product according to the invention, a flat steel product according to the invention can optionally be additionally the following alloy elements, in order to obtain or adjust certain properties:
    [0044] Cr can be added in levels of 0.001 to 0.05% by weight to a flat steel product according to the invention, so that the presence of Cr such a reduced content has a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the product of flat steel according to the invention, in particular, of its limit of elongation and tensile strength. A portion of Cr above the predicted range according to the invention, however, worsens the necessary deformation capabilities.
    [0045] Likewise, V can optionally be added to the alloy of the steel melt, to likewise contribute to the joining of interstitial alloy elements and thereby contribute to reinforcement by separation. For this purpose, V can be present in the flat steel product according to the invention in levels up to 0.005% by weight.
    [0046] Mo can optionally be present in contents of up to 0.015% by weight in the flat steel product according to the invention, to serve the reinforcement by mixed crystals. A portion of Mo above the limits according to the invention, however, worsens the deformation capabilities.
    [0047] Basically, N levels in the flat steel product according to the invention must be added to technically unavoidable impurities. At levels from 0.001 to 0.004% by weight, N can be used, however, through a TiN formation, in addition to a reinforcement by separation. If the existing N portion is greater than 0.004% by weight, there is a risk that nitrogen will be released in the crystallized network and cause an extension limit, resulting in poor formability by deep drawing. Therefore, the ideal predicted N content is limited to a maximum of 0.003% by weight to ensure the necessary deformation properties.
    [0048] In addition to the alloying elements indicated above and iron as the main components of a steel according to the invention, there may be technically unavoidable impurities in the flat steel product according to the invention. For this, count B, Cu, Nb, Ni, Sb, Sn and S, whose portions must be a total of a maximum of 0.2% by weight, and in the case of the presence of Nb, B or Sb for these impurities, the following specific measures are valid: Sb content of maximum 0.001% by weight, Nb content of maximum 0.002% by weight and B content of maximum 0.0005% by weight.
    [0049] Flat steel products according to the invention can be produced, for example, by the type and method of production according to the invention in an operationally safe manner.
    [0050] The method according to the invention for the production of a flat steel product according to the invention comprises, for this, the following processing steps: a) providing a cold rolled flat steel product, hardened by rolling with a microstructure ferritic structure, which, correspondingly to the above explanations, consists of a steel with the following composition (in% by weight): C: 0.0001 - 0.0003% Si: 0.001 - 0.025% Mn: 0, 05 - 0.20% P: 0.001 - 0.015% Al: 0.02 - 0.055% Ti: 0.01 - 0.15
    [0051] Residual iron and unavoidable impurities, and steel may additionally contain the following optional alloy elements: Cr: 0.001 - 0.05%, V: up to 0.005%, Mo: up to 0.015%, N: 0.001 - 0.004% b) in the continuous cycle by a controlled annealing furnace that occurs by heat treatment of the flat steel product under an annealing atmosphere, which consists of a dew point of -10 ° C to -60 ° C from 1 to 7% in volume of H2 and as N2 residue and unavoidable impurities, - the flat steel product, for the annealing of recrystallization - until it is heated to a fixing temperature T1 of 750 to 860 ° C, - is kept at the temperature of clamping T1 for a time t1 of 30 to 90 s, - the flat steel product being cooled for further treatment for over-ripening - from the clamping temperature T1 with a CR1 cooling speed of 2 to 100 ° C / s for an initial temperature of excess maturation T2 of 400 to 600 ° C, - after cooling to the initial temperature al over-maturation T2 for a time t2 of 30 to 400 s with a cooling speed CR2 of 0.5 to 12 ° C / s is cooled to a final temperature of excess maturation T3 of 250 to 350 ° C, and - the flat steel product, after cooling to the final temperature of excess ripening T3 with a CR3 cooling speed of 1.5 to 5.0 ° C / s, is cooled to room temperature; c) finishing lamination of the annealed flat steel product, recrystallized with a degree of finishing lamination D from 0.4 to 0.7% using working cylinders of the finishing lamination, whose circular surface comes into contact with the flat steel product, has an average arithmetic roughness Ra of 1.0 to 2.5 μm and a peak number RPc of at least 100 1 / cm, with cavities and peaks formed on the surface of the finishing roll work cylinders that condition the average roughness Ra and the peak number RPc are present, distributed stochastically.
    [0052] In process step b) of the method according to the invention, the respective partial steps provided for the heat treatment of the flat steel product in a continuous oven are completed. The heat treatment process occurs as annealing completed in a continuous cycle, because in this way the individual partial stages of the heat treatment, in this way, are completed in a homogeneous way. The interruption-free process results in a significantly less diffusion of the mechanical properties of the flat steel product in its length and width.
    [0053] In the continuous oven provided, in practice, for the heat treatment of continuous process, individual sections can be heated, in a known way, for example, directly, according to a type of DFF (Direct Fired Furnace) oven, from a furnace DFI (Direct Flame Impingement) or a NOF (Non Oxidizing Furnace) furnace, or indirectly, for example, according to a type of furnace RTF (Radiant Tube Furnace).
    [0054] The cooling of the flat steel product to an initial temperature of excess maturation T2, as well as the final cooling of the flat steel product at room temperature can be carried out in a conventional manner, by insufflation of gas, for example, N2 , H2 or a mixture thereof, by transferring water, mist or by cooling by contact with the cooling rollers, each of which can also be carried out in combination with one or more of the other cooling measures.
    [0055] For recrystallizing annealing, a fixation temperature T1 is provided, which is in the temperature range of 750 to 860 ° C. At annealing temperatures below 750 ° C, full recrystallization of the flat steel product structure can no longer be achieved safely. At temperatures above 860 ° C, however, there is a risk of lump formation. Both would act negatively on the deformation properties. Ideal results of recrystallizing annealing are obtained when the temperature T1 is 800 ° C to 850 ° C.
    [0056] The duration t1, in which the flat steel product is kept in the recrystallizing annealing at the fixing temperature Tl, is from 30 to 90 seconds, in order to ensure the deformation properties of the flat steel product produced according to invention. If the tl was less than 30 seconds, then a complete recrystallization of the structure would not be operationally safe. At a residence time t1, which is longer than 90 seconds, the risk of lump formation would occur again.
    [0057] After maintaining the fixing temperature T1, the flat steel product is cooled with a cooling speed CRl of 2 to 100 ° C / s to the initial temperature of excess maturation T2. The cooling speed CR1 is selected, in this case, in such a way that a flat steel product is obtained with the ideal deformation properties. A minimum cooling speed CRl of 2 ° C / s is necessary to prevent lumps from forming. If the cooling speed CRl is above 100 ° C / s, fine grains would form, which, in the same way, would conflict with the necessary good deformation capacity.
    [0058] The initial temperature of over-ripening T2 is at least 400 ° C, because temperatures below that, which raise the cooling capacity necessary for cooling to the initial temperature of over-ripening T2, however, no more could positively influence the material's properties. In contrast, if the initial temperature of excess maturation T2 was above 600 ° C, then the recrystallization would not be interrupted in a sufficiently sustainable manner and there would be a risk of lump formation. With an initial temperature of over-ripening T2 of 400 ° C to 600 ° C, in particular, 400 ° C to 550 ° C, it is possible to obtain ideal deformation properties.
    [0059] Starting from the initial temperature of over-ripening, the flat steel product is subjected, for a duration t2 of 30 to 400 seconds, to a treatment for over-ripening, in which it is cooled with a cooling speed CR2 from 0.5 to 12 ° C / s at the final temperature of excess ripening T3. If the time t2 was less than 30, then the time would be very short, in which the atoms of the interstitial alloy could be evenly distributed by diffusion in the recrystallized structure of the flat steel product. This would have a negative effect on the deformation properties. A treatment for over-ripening, which lasts more than 400 seconds, would not have any additional positive effects. A cooling rate eR2 of at least 0.5 ° C / s is adjusted to complete treatment for over-ripening within a practice-oriented time. On the other hand, if a cooling rate eR2 that was above 12 ° C / s was adjusted, then the duration t2 of the treatment for over-ripening would be very short. There would therefore be very little time for diffusion of the interstitial alloying elements, so that, again, the deformation properties would be worsened.
    [0060] The final temperature T3 of the treatment for over-ripening is, according to the invention, at 250 to 350 ° C. If the final temperature of excess maturation T3 was above 350 ° C, then the flat steel product would be transported very hot for final cooling, which would negatively affect the surface quality and thus the coating properties of the flat steel product according to the invention. A final temperature of excess maturation T3 that is below 250 ° C, on the other hand, would not have any additional positive effect.
    [0061] The partial working sections of the work step b) are carried out under annealing atmospheres, shielding gas, which have a hydrogen content of 1 to 7% by volume and, in the rest, consist of nitrogen and technically unavoidable impurities . In a portion of H2 less than 1.0% by volume, there would be a risk of the formation of oxides on the surface of the flat steel product, due to the quality of its surface and, with this, some properties of the coating would worsen. A H2 content of the annealing atmosphere above 7.0% by volume, on the other hand, would not have any additional positive effect and would also be problematic from the point of view of operational safety.
    [0062] The dew point of the annealing atmospheres is, according to the invention, at -10 ° C to -60 ° C. If the dew point of the annealing atmospheres were above -10 ° C, there would be a risk of, from the point of view of the required surfaces, formation of unwanted oxidation on the surface of the flat steel product. A dew point below -60 ° C could be achieved only at great costs on a large technical scale and would also have no additional positive effect. Optimal operating conditions are achieved when the dew point of the annealing atmospheres is -15 ° C to -50 ° C.
    [0063] The cooling of the flat steel product that begins after the treatment for excess ripening occurs under the protective gas atmosphere already clarified. In that case, an eR3 cooling rate of 1.5 to 5.0 ° C / s is expected. This eR3 cooling rate is selected in such a way that it is economically prevented from worsening the surface condition by the formation of oxidation, which could occur in very long cooling.
    [0064] The working step c) of the method according to the invention is essential for the particularly good suitability of the flat steel products according to the invention for a shining coating of the ideal coating. This particularly good suitability results from a Wsa value of a maximum of 0.40 μm, typically of a maximum of 0.35 μm, in particular, less than 0.30 μm, which supports minimal ripple of the surface of the flat steel product .
    [0065] The degree of finishing lamination D defined above in the finishing lamination cylinders (work step c)) provided, according to the invention, after heat treatment (work steps b)) is at 0.4 to 0.7%. In a degree of finishing rolling D less than 0.4%, insufficient deformation would be obtained for the properties of the flat steel product. In such reduced degrees of finishing lamination, the predetermined values, according to the invention, for the roughness Ra and the peak number RPc would not be obtained either. However, in a finishing lamination D greater than 0.7%, there would be a risk, however, that a very high reinforcement would be applied to the steel strip, which would again act negatively on the deformation properties. In addition, degrees of finishing lamination D greater than 0.7% could lead to a roughness Ra that could be outside the predetermined range, according to the invention, from the point of view of the properties of the required surfaces. To produce particularly wide flat steel products, that is, flat steel products typically 1500 mm wide and larger, the surface structure previously indicated according to the invention with high operational safety, the degree of finishing lamination D can be adjusted by at least 0.5%. For each negative effect of the finishing lamination can be avoided, then the degree of finishing lamination D can be limited to a maximum of 0.6%. Finally, it is offered, in particular, then, when the components of the steel alloy, which consists of a flat steel product according to the invention, are available respectively with levels, which are in the upper ranges that have proved to be particularly advantageous. .
    [0066] So that, by finishing lamination, a surface structure is applied to the surface of the flat steel product, which, from the point of view of the coating properties, corresponds to the ideal specifications according to the invention, the working cylinders of the finishing lamination that act on a surface of the flat steel product to be supplied have a Ra roughness of 1.0 to 2.5 μm and a peak number RPc of at least 100 per cm. If the roughness Ra of the working cylinder is less than 1.0 μm or greater than 2.5 μm, then the values of Ra and RPc according to the invention could not be applied to the flat steel product within the limits according to with the invention. Coating and deformation properties would be correspondingly worsened. In order to ensure, in practice, that the roughness values Ra specified in accordance with the invention are obtained in an operationally safe manner in the flat steel product, the roughness Ra of the finishing roll working cylinder can be adjusted by 1.2 to 2 , 3 μm.
    [0067] The number of peak RPc on the surface of the finishing roll working cylinders is at least 100 per cm, and larger number of peak RPc peaks, such as the number of working cylinder RPc peaks of at least particularly advantageous, are particularly advantageous. 110 per cm, in particular greater than 130 per cm. As numbers of RPc peaks greater than 100 per cm and more are predicted on the circular surface of the finishing roll working cylinder that comes into contact with the flat steel product, it is ensured that, using the above clarifications, rolling parameters finishing products that correspond to the specifications according to the invention are transmitted to the peak number RPc specified in the respective flat steel product that has undergone finishing lamination.
    [0068] So that, on the respective surface of the flat steel product, a surface structure with stochastic distribution of peaks and depressions is formed, also the surface structure of the circular surface of the finishing roll working cylinder that comes into contact with the flat steel product is formed, correspondingly, in a stochastic manner.
    [0069] The predicted surface structure, according to the invention, can be produced, for example, in a known way, by means of the EDT technique ("EDT" = Electro Discharge Texturing) in the cap (-) or Puls ( +) established for greater roughness of the finishing lamination. A detailed explanation of this method is found in Henning Meier's dissertation, "Über die Aufrauhung von Walzenoberflâchen mit Funkenentladungen", TU Braunschweig 1999, publisher Shaker 1999.
    [0070] The EDT technique is based on the fact that the lamination surface becomes rough from erosion by electrical discharge. For this purpose, the finishing roll working cylinder is passed in a tank, in which there is a dielectric, in an electrode. By the discharge of sparks small craters are formed on the rolling surface. When the electrode is connected as an anode (+) (that is, the current flows from the cylinder towards the electrode), non-homogeneous craters appear in the cylinder, which accompanies a greater number of peaks. In the opposite case (that is, the connection of the electrode as a cathode (-)) the current flows to the cylinder. Smooth craters result.
    [0071] The cap (-) variation of the EDT technique touches a discharge from the condenser, which reaches it, as soon as the electrode is close enough to the cylinder. The cap method produces a stochastic texture in the working cylinders, since the capacitor's capacity oscillates in a strongly different way (between 30% and 100%) and, with this, holes of different sizes are thrown in the material of the cylinders.
    [0072] The Puls (+) variation of the EDT technique is based on the principle that the same energy is always applied to the cylinders to be textured. Through this, a stochastic surface texture is formed with greater regularity, which nevertheless offers a sufficient stochastic distribution of the cavities and peaks for the purpose of the present invention.
    [0073] Subsequently, in the greatest roughness, the working cylinder according to the invention can optionally undergo further treatment. In this, peaks of the strongly protruding surface structure are polished, to reduce contamination of the surface of the flat steel product by the interrupted peaks. After-treatment can be performed as a SuperFinish treatment. This is a highly refined finish that aims to remove peaks that protrude beyond the average value of the depth of roughness, or to reduce its number to a minimum. Possibility of the practical implementation of the SuperFinish method are known, for example, from the document DE 10 2004 013 031 Al or from the document EP 2 006 037 B1. The peak number changes negligibly due to the subsequent treatment. However, the surface is level and the bearing area is high. This is reflected in a negative Rsk value (= asymmetries of the roughness distribution). At high Rsk values, the roughness is therefore irregularly distributed, so they follow low or negative Rsk values with a very regular roughness distribution.
    [0074] The finishing roll work cylinders can, finally, before use, be hard chrome plated in a known way, in order to optimize their wear resistance.
    [0075] From an operational view, it is advantageous to complete the work steps b) and c) of the method according to the invention, without interruptions, in a continuous cycle. For this, the heat treatment installation (work step b)) and the cylinder structure of the finishing laminate required for work step c) are placed in series. The finishing lamination according to the working stage c) of the flat steel product that appears cooled after the working stage b) and from the heat treatment installation is then carried out on a single finishing lamination table. If the finishing lamination is, on the contrary, off-line, that is, carried out independently of the heat treatment process, several finishing lamination tables can also be executed, and it is also shown here that ideal results are obtained, if the finishing lamination off-line is completed in just one pass.
    [0076] The optional use of a finishing lamination medium (wet finishing) can have advantages in relation to the cleaning or lubrication effect on the finishing lamination.
    [0077] In contrast, a dry finish can have the advantage that the flat steel product does not come into contact with any wet medium and, consequently, the risk of corrosion formation in later storage or other processing of the steel product plan is minimized.
    [0078] By using the method according to the invention it is possible to produce a flat steel product with the mechanical properties of material indicated above according to the invention, which has, at the same time, the surface structure according to the invention the full length of the strip (it is completely finished). By the surface texturing according to the invention, which is characterized by the roughness values Ra and number of peaks RPc that correspond to the specifications according to the invention, it is possible to produce a coating gloss considerably better in relation to a product compared to texturing surface that is not in accordance with the invention.
    [0079] This should be explained in more detail below, based on the modality examples. Thus, they show:
    [0080] Figure 1 is an external view of a coated surface of an automobile body component molded from a flat steel product according to the invention;
    [0081] Figure 2 is an external view of a coated surface of an automobile body component molded from flat steel product which is not in accordance with the invention;
    [0082] Figure 3 the schematic process of a heat treatment according to the invention (work step b)).
    [0083] Cold rolled laminated flat steel products were made available in the form of steel strips Bl to B12 of steel Sl to S6, which have the composition specified in table 1.
    [0084] The flat steel products were thermally treated in different dimensions in a heat treatment oven of the RTF model type, which works continuously, then cooled to an ambient temperature and subsequently underwent in-line finishing.
    [0085] The heat treatment comprises a recrystallizing annealing, in which the steel strips Bl to B12 were heated to a fixing temperature Tl of 835 ° C ± 15 ° C, in which they were maintained for a residence time Tl of 60 s.
    [0086] After recrystallizing annealing the steel strips Bl to B12 were subjected to a treatment for over-ripening. For this, they were cooled from the fixing temperature T1 with a cooling speed CRl of 8.5 ° C / s to an initial temperature of excess maturation T2, of 530 ± 15 ° C.
    [0087] Starting from that, the steel strips Bl to B12 were then cooled, respectively, by a duration of over-ripening t2 of 302 seconds to a final temperature of over-ripening T3, of 280 ± 15 ° C. The cooling rate eR2, with which steel strips Bl to B12 were cooled from the initial over-ripening temperature T2 to the final over-ripening temperature T3, was 0.82 ° C / s.
    [0088] Throughout the heat treatment, steel strips B1 to B12 were kept under an annealing atmosphere, which consisted of 4% by volume H2 and as residual, N2 and unavoidable impurities. Its dew point has been adjusted to -45 ° C ± 2 ° C.
    [0089] After the end of the treatment for over-ripening and before leaving the continuous oven, the steel strips Bl to B12 were cooled, still under the protective gas atmosphere, with a CR3 cooling speed of 3.5 ° C / s at room temperature and conducted, in a continuous cycle, in a room laminating box designed for finishing lamination with finishing lamination work rollers and support rollers. The finishing rollers of the finishing lamination box have always been roughened in the cap (-) mode by means of the EDT technique and have been subjected, in a known way, to hard chrome plating. All finishing lamination experiments were carried out without using a finishing lamination medium (dry finishing).
    [0090] The parameters of the finishing lamination (degree of finishing lamination D, roughness Ra_W and peak number RPc W of the circular surface of the working cylinders of the finishing lamination that comes into contact with steel strips respectively) as well as the width b, thickness d, elongation limit Rp0.2, tensile strength Rm, elongation A80 and the value of n determined for steel strips Bl to B12 are specified in table 2. The mechanical properties were determined in an almost static tensile test according to DIN 6892 with the longitudinal specimens oriented to the lamination direction.
    [0091] In the same way, the roughness Ra and peak number RPc determined for the surfaces of steel strips Bl to B12 are shown in Table 2. The average arithmetic roughnesses Ra, Ra W and peak numbers RPc, RPc_W are always measured according to the 1940 steel and iron (SEP) test sheet by means of electrical contact cutting equipment in accordance with ISO 3274.
    [0092] The properties of the steel strips Bl and B9 show that, due to higher peak RPc numbers, better Wsa values are obtained.
    [0093] Steel strips Bll and B12 that are not in accordance with the invention demonstrate the significance of the degree of finishing lamination for the success of the invention.
    [0094] In addition, the Wsa values are determined for the surfaces of steel strips B1 to B12. The results are entered in the same way in table 2. They certify that the examples of modality according to the invention reach a Wsa value <0.40 μm and thus offer ideal prerequisites for a particularly good coating gloss. The measurement of the characteristic value of Wsa ripple occurred according to the 1941 steel and iron test sheet (SEP), it was measured in a steel sample, which underwent plastic elongation in the Marciniak 5% embedding test.
    [0095] Figure 1 and Figure 2 illustrate this based on a representation that confronts the components, which were produced from the flat steel product according to the invention and which are not in accordance with the invention by deformation and coating. The example of a modality that is not in accordance with the invention shown in Figure 2, which was produced from steel strip B3 that was not filled with qualities according to the invention, shows, after coating, a gloss of the coating significantly worse than the example shown in Figure 1, which was molded from the steel strip Bl according to the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. COLD LAMINATED AND RECHARGED FLAT STEEL PRODUCT, RECRISTALIZED, which has a ferritic microstructure structure, characterized by consisting of a steel with the following composition (in% by weight): C: 0.0001 to 0.003%, Si: 0.001 to 0.025%, Mn: 0.05 to 0.20%, P: 0.001 to 0.015%, Al: 0.02 to 0.055%, Ti: 0.01 to 0.1%, residual iron and unavoidable impurities, being that steel may additionally contain the following optional alloy elements: Cr: 0.001 to 0.05%, V: up to 0.005%, Mo: up to 0.015%, N: 0.001 to 0.004%, and in which unavoidable impurities include B, Cu , Nb, Ni, Sb, Sn and S, which represent a maximum of 0.2% by weight and because they have an elongation limit Rp0.2 of up to 180 MPa, a tensile strength Rm of up to 340 MPa, an elongation at break A80 of at least 40%, a value of n of at least 0.23 and, on at least one of its surfaces, it has an average arithmetic roughness Ra of 0.8 to 1.6 μm and a peak number RPc of at least 75 1 / cm, the cavities and peaks being formed in the surface that condition the average roughness Ra and the peak number RPc are present, distributed stochastically.
    [0002]
    2. FLAT STEEL PRODUCT, according to claim 1, characterized by being covered with a metallic protection layer applied by electrolytic coating.
    [0003]
    3. FLAT STEEL PRODUCT, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is covered with an inorganic coating.
    [0004]
    4. FLAT STEEL PRODUCT, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that it is at most 1 mm thick and at least 1000 mm wide.
    [0005]
    5. METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A FORMED FLAT STEEL PRODUCT, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following processing steps: a) providing a cold rolled flat steel product, hardened by rolling with microstructure ferritic structure, consisting of steel with the following composition (in% by weight): C: 0.0001 - 0.003%, Si: 0.001 - 0.025%, Mn: 0.05 - 0.20%, P: 0.001 - 0.015%, Al: 0.02 - 0.055%, Ti: 0.01 - 0.1%, residual iron and unavoidable impurities, and steel may additionally contain the following optional alloy elements: Cr: 0.001 - 0 , 05%, V: up to 0.005%, Mo: up to 0.015%, N: 0.001 -0.004%, and in which unavoidable impurities include B, Cu, Nb, Ni, Sb, Sn and S, which represent a maximum of 0.2 % by weight; b) in the continuous cycle by a controlled annealing furnace that occurs by heat treatment of the flat steel product under an annealing atmosphere, which consists of a dew point of -10 ° C to -60 ° C from 1 to 7% in volume of H2 and as N2 residue and unavoidable impurities, - the flat steel product, for the annealing of recrystallization, - until it is heated to a T1 fixing temperature of 750 to 860 ° C, - at the fixing temperature T1 for a time t1 is maintained for 30 to 90 s, - the flat steel product being cooled for further treatment for over-ripening, - from the fixing temperature T1 with a CR1 cooling speed of 2 to 100 ° C / s for an initial over-ripening temperature T2 of 400 to 600 ° C, - after cooling to the initial over-ripening temperature T2, for a time t2 of 30 to 400 s with a cooling speed CR2 of 0.5 to 12 ° C / s is cooled to a final temperature of excess maturation T3 of 250 to 350 ° C, and - the flat steel product, after cooling to the final temperature of excess ripening T3 with a CR3 cooling speed of 1.5 to 5.0 ° C / s, is cooled to room temperature; c) finishing laminating cylinders of the annealed flat steel product, recrystallized with a finishing laminating D degree of 0.4 to 0.7% using working finishing laminating cylinders, with whose circular surface it comes into contact with the flat steel product, it has an average arithmetic roughness Ra of 1.0 to 2.5 μm and a peak number RPc of at least 100 1 / cm, with cavities and peaks formed on the surface of the rolling working cylinders finishing conditions that condition the average roughness Ra and the peak number RPc are present, distributed stochastically.
    [0006]
    6. METHOD, according to claim 5, characterized in that the fixing temperature is Tl 800 to 850 ° C.
    [0007]
    METHOD, according to either of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the temperature of onset of excess maturation of T2 is 400 to 550 ° C.
    [0008]
    METHOD, according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the dew point of the annealing atmosphere is -15 ° C to -50 ° C.
    [0009]
    9. METHOD, according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the finishing lamination is carried out as a wet finishing lamination, in which, in the direction of transport of the flat steel product, in front of the working lamination cylinder. finishing, a finishing lamination fluid is applied at least on the surface of the flat steel product, on which the finishing lamination working cylinder acts.
    [0010]
    10. METHOD according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the degree of finishing lamination D is 0.5 to 0.6%.
    [0011]
    11. METHOD according to any one of claims 5 to 10, characterized by the average arithmetic roughness Ra of the circular surface of the finishing roll working cylinder that comes into contact with the flat steel product being 1.2 to 2, 3 μm.
    [0012]
    METHOD according to any one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the peak number RPc of the circular surface of the finishing roll working cylinder that comes into contact with the flat steel product is at least 130 1 / cm .
    [0013]
    13. METHOD, according to any one of claims 5 to 12, characterized by the work steps b) and c) being completed in a process free of interruptions.
    [0014]
    METHOD, according to any one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that the flat steel product, after the finishing lamination, is covered with a metallic coating based on Zn.
    [0015]
    15. METHOD, according to claim 14, characterized in that the metallic coating is applied by electrolytic immersion in the flat steel product.
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    PL3204530T3|2019-07-31|
    TR201905219T4|2019-05-21|
    JP6636512B2|2020-01-29|
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    法律状态:
    2020-02-18| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-02| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-09| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 09/09/2015, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EPEP14188314.0|2014-10-09|
    EP14188314|2014-10-09|
    PCT/EP2015/070577|WO2016055227A1|2014-10-09|2015-09-09|Cold-rolled and recrystallisation annealed flat steel product, and method for the production thereof|
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